Levodopa (L-dopa)-induced motor complications, including motor fluctuations and dyskinesia, affect almost all patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) at some point during the disease course, with relevant implications in global health status. Various dopaminergic and nondopaminergic pharmacological approaches as well as more invasive strategies including devices and functional surgery are available to manage such complications…
wearing-off
Zonisamide improves wearing-off in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized, double-blind study
Previously, we reported 50 mg/d zonisamide improved wearing-off without increasing dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Clinical spectrum of levodopa-induced complications
The first years of Parkinson disease (PD) treatment are marked by good and sustained responses to dopaminergic therapy. With disease progression and longer exposure to levodopa (L-dopa), patients develop a range of L-dopa–induced complications that include motor and non-motor symptoms…
Adenosine A2A receptor antagonist istradefylline reduces daily OFF time in Parkinson’s disease
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of istradefylline, a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist administered as adjunctive treatment to levodopa for 12 weeks in a double-blind manner in Parkinson’s disease patients with motor complications in Japan.
